Histomorphologic Characteristics of Newly Formed Cavity of a Hip Joint in Dislocation in Experiment
The aim of the investigation was to study in experiment the head of femur dislocation, which is a variety of transchondral damages, and the process of chondro- and osteogenesis in articular surface formation to create optimal conditions for their reparation and new formation.
Materials and Methods. The experiment was carried out on 20 reproductive chinchilla rabbits. The head of femur was dislocated in experiment after joint capsule transaction, and exposed to dosing impact and force effect in the area of its upper pole. A blow was stricken by the device looking like an impact machine. The blow energy was regulated by changing load weight and the pendulum height. The animals were removed from the experiment 3, 7, 14, 30 days and 3 months after the injury.
Results. For the initial few days in the dislocation area there were found fibrin effusions, hemorrhage, periosteal edema, and granulation tissue. In 2 weeks in fibrous tissue there were determined focal clusters of chondroblasts. By the end of the first month, near the head of femur, connective tissue was underlaid by newly formed fibrous cartilage with the areas of young hyaline cartilage forming a free margin. In 3 months a submarginal zone was formed of hyaline cartilage with ordered cytoarchitectonics of chondrocytes. Different-sized margins of the newly formed hyaline cartilage with the foci of complete osteogenesis in the wall of forming cavity (in the form of osseous tissue of sponge structure with the blood-forming bone marrow in interjoist) were observed in close connection with periosteum of acetabular roof.
Conclusion. A joint cavity forms on the basis of the mechanisms of pluripotent development of cambial cell elements towards chondro- and osteogenesis. Its successful formation can be accompanied by the mass of well blood-supplied muscles surrounding the dislocated head, periosteum of acetabular roof, as well as the capability of active movements the head of femur dislocated into supra-acetabular area in the absence of axial bearing on the operated extremity during the whole postoperative period. Thus, an articular cartlage has significant potential for recovery, and the obtained results enable to help lay down optimal conditions for such a recovery.
- Bushuev Yu.I., Ezhov Yu.I., Ezhov I.Yu. Gistomorflogicheskaya kharakteristika tkaney tazobedrennogo sustava pri mekhanicheskoy travme [Histomorphologic characteristics of hip joint tissues in mechanical injury]. Vestnik travmatologii i ortopedii im. N.N. Priorova — Vestnik of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after N.N. Priorov 1997; 2: 56–59.
- Yang R.S., Tsuang Y.H., Hang Y.S., Liu T.K. Traumatic dislocation of the hip. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1991 Apr; 265: 218–227.
- Billroth T. Obshchaya khirurgicheskaya patologiya i terapiya v pyatidesyati lektsiyakh [General surgical surgery and therapy in fifty lectures]. Saint Petersburg: Izd. knizhnago magazina ″Novago vremeni″; 1879; 856 p.
- Chaklin V.D. Infektsionnye zabolevaniya kostey, sustavov i khryashchey [Infectious diseases of bones, joints and cartilages]. Sverdlovsk; 1937.
- Buachidze O.Sh. Perelomovyvikhi v tazobedrennom sustave [Hip joint dislocation-fractures]. Moscow: MONIKI; 1993; 198 p.
- Chernigov Yu.V., Chirkova A.M., Molokanov V.A., Ilizarova G.A. Morfologicheskie izmeneniya v tazobedrennom sustave sobaki pri zastarelom vyvikhe bedra [Morphological changes in dog’s hip joint in neglected hip dislocation]. http: //vetport.ru/modules.php?name=Pages&pa=showpage&pid=92
- Yang N.P., Chen H.C., Phan D.V., Yu I.L., Lee Y.H., Chan C.L., Chou P., Renn J.H. Epidemiological survey of orthopedic joint dislocations based on insurance data in Taiwan, 2000–2005. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2011 Nov; 12: 253. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-12-253.
