Современные технологии выделения и культивирования микроглии (обзор)

Описаны роль и морфологические особенности микроглии (М1-, М2-микроглии, «звездчатой», «амебоидной», гигантской, шаровидной, стержневой, дисфункциональной и т.д.) in vivo в физиологических условиях и при развитии нейродегенеративных заболеваний. Рассмотрены различные технологии и способы выделения микроглии от взрослых (выделение на градиенте плотности, с помощью «магнитных бус», из мезенхимальных клеток-предшественников костного мозга) и новорожденных (получение из смешанной глиальной культуры, на градиенте плотности) животных, включая выделение микроглии из коры головного мозга или гиппокампа. Показаны различные способы культивирования клеток, в том числе получение двухмерных и трехмерных клеточных культур (на скаффолдах, гидрогеле, нановолокнах), сокультур на слайс-культурах гиппокампа, а также изменения микроглии в процессе культивирования.

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