Biocompatible Synthetic Tracheal Matrices Based on Polymer Ultra-Fibrous Materials Colonized by Mesenchymal Multipotent Cells

The aim of the investigation is to study biocompatibility and biodegradation of synthetic tracheal matrices based on ultra-fibrous polymer materials, colonized by mesenchymal multipotent stromal cells (MMSC) of recipient.

Materials and Methods. The study was performed on beagle dogs, which underwent heterotopic implantation of synthetic tracheal scaffolds made of a nonwoven material by electrospinning and colonized by the recipient MMSC. Implant biocompatibility was assessed by computed tomography and macro- and microstructure analysis of the extracted implant and adjacent tissues.

Results. It was established that the developed trachea matrix specimens implanted heterotopically to the dogs preserved biocompatibility, ensured colonization by recipient cells, did not cause local and systemic reactions of rejection, and had no general toxic effect. According to the data obtained there was made a conclusion on the biocompatibility of tracheal matrices made of the polymer ultra-fibrous materials and their prospective applications as bioimplants for trachea defect replacements.

1. Kiselevsky M.V., Sitdikova S.M., Tenchurin T.Kh., Khomchenko A.U. Contemporary approaches and perspectives to creation of tracheal bioimplants. Rossiyskiy bioterapevticheskiy zhurnal 2014; 13(3): 127–131.
2. Kiselevsky M.K., Sitdikova S.M., Anisimova N.Yu., Polotsky B.E., Davidov M.I. Prospective synthetic matrixes for the reconstruction of defects of the trachea in patients with cancer. Voprosy onkologii 2015; 61(3): 323–328.
3. Del Gaudio C., Baiguera S., Ajalloueian F., Bianco A., Macchiarini P. Are synthetic scaffolds suitable for the development of clinical tissue-engineered tubular organs? J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 102(7): 2427–2447, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.34883.
4. Kiselevskiy M.V., Anisimova N.Yu., Lebedinskaya O.V., Polotskiy B.Ye., Davydov M.I. Heterotopic transplantation of non-immunogenic trachea populated with recipient bone marrow stromal cells. Morfologiia 2012; 141(1): 66–70.
5. Kopylov A.N., Anisimova N.Yu., Tenchurin T.Kh., Grigoriev T.E., Khomenko A.U., Kiselevsky M.V. Advanced materials to create a matrix of the trachea implantat. Rossiyskiy bioterapevticheskiy zhurnal 2014; 13(2): 67–71.
6. da Silva T.H., Pazetti R., Aoki F.G., Cardoso P.F., Valenga M.H., Deffune E., Evaristo T., Pêgo-Fernandes P.M., Moriya H.T. Assessment of the mechanics of a tissue-engineered rat trachea in an image-processing environment. Clinics 2014; 69(7): 500–503, http://dx.doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2014(07)11.
7. Macchiarini P., Jungebluth P., Go T., Asnaghi M.A. Rees L.E., Cogan T.A., Dodson A., Martorell J., Bellini S., Parnigotto P.P., Dickinson S.C., Hollander A.P., Mantero S., Conconi M.T., Birchall M.A. Clinical transplantation of a tissue-engineered airway. Lancet 2008; 372(9655): 2023–2030, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61598-6.
8. Crowley C., Birchall M., Seifalian A.M. Trachea transplantation: from laboratory to patient. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 9(4): 357–367, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/term.1847.
9. Omori K., Tada Y., Suzuki T., Nomoto Y., Matsuzuka T., Kobayashi K., Nakamura T., Kanemaru S., Yamashita M., Asato R. Clinical application of in situ tissue engineering using a scaffolding technique for reconstruction of the larynx and trachea. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2008; 117(9): 673–678, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940811700908.
10. Ajalloueian F., Lim M.L., Lemon G., Haag J.C., Gustafsson Y., Sjöqvist S., Beltrán-Rodríguez A., Del Gaudio C., Baiguera S., Bianco A., Jungebluth P., Macchiarini P. Biomechanical and biocompatibility characteristics of electrospun polymeric tracheal scaffolds. Biomaterials 2014; 35(20): 5307–5315, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.03.015.
11. Kolokolov R.G., Gerasina E.V., Anan’ev O.L. Polnyy spravochnik [Assays. Full directory]. Moscow: Eksmo; 2007; 786 p.
12. Bastl C.P., Hendler E.D., Finkelstein F.O. Leukocyte responses to acute renal transplant rejection. Clin Nephrol 1975; 4(6): 228–233.
13. de Fijter J.W. The impact of age on rejection in kidney transplantation. Drugs Aging 2005; 22(5): 433–449, http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002512-200522050-00007.

Kiselevskiy M.V., Anisimova N.Y., Kornushenkov E.A., Shepelev A.D., Chvalun S.N., Polotskiy B.E., Davydov M.I. Biocompatible Synthetic Tracheal Matrices Based on Polymer Ultra-Fibrous Materials Colonized by Mesenchymal Multipotent Cells. Sovremennye tehnologii v medicine 2016; 8(1): 6, https://doi.org/10.17691/stm2016.8.1.01