Quantitative Cross-Polarization Optical Coherence Tomography Detection of Infiltrative Tumor Margin in a Rat Glioma Model: a Pilot Study

Kiseleva E.B., Yashin K.S., Moiseev A.A., Snopova L.B., Gelikonov G.V., Medyanik I.A., Kravets L.Ya., Karyakin N.N., Vitkin I.A., Gladkova N.D.

Key words: brain white matter; cortex; glioma model; tumor margin; cross-polarization optical coherence tomography; CP OCT; backscattering; attenuation coefficient; cross-scattering.

2018, volume 10, issue 1, page 6.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17691/stm2018.10.1.01

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Determining boundaries of infiltrative glial tumors remains a challenging problem in neurooncology. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) with cross-polarization (CP) visualization is a promising technique as a surgical guidance tool. However, the outcome of the procedures performed under OCT guidance strongly depends on the surgeon’s qualification. Thus, a quantitative method for assessing resection margins with OCT is required.

The aim of this study was to develop a robust quantitative approach for CP OCT data to differentiate tumorous from non-tumorous tissues in a rat glioma model.

Materials and Methods. The study was carried out on the rats’ brains (n=6) with C6-glioma model injected into the right hemisphere. The left hemisphere was used as a control. The spectral domain CP OCT device that provides two images: in co- and cross-polarizations was used in the study. The central wavelength of probing light was 1310 nm, a spectral width of 100 nm, resulting in axial resolution of 10 µm. The lateral resolution is 15 μm. CP OCT images were collected ex vivo with non-contact forward-looking probe after brain excision and its sagittal crosscutting. A total of five CP OCT data sets were collected from each rat brain over the 2.4×2.4×1.25 mm OCT imaging volumes at the following locations: in the right hemisphere with C6-glioma at the center of the tumor site, at the tumor–non-tumor (white matter) margin; in the contralateral hemisphere of the brain (control) at a selected non-cancer sites: grey matter, gray–white matter margin, and visually normal white matter. Quantitative assessment of the different tissue types was based on calculating three optical coefficients: backscattering coefficients relation, attenuation coefficient, and forward cross-scattering coefficient. The CP OCT scanned tissue sites were marked and underwent histological verification.

Results. Сolor-coded maps of three optical coefficients for normal grey matter and its margin with white matter, C6-glioma and its margin with white matter were generated. Color-coded maps look more representative in margin detection in comparison with en-face CP OCT images. Every coefficient can differentiate white matter from other tissue types. Comparison of C6-glioma and gray matter color-coded maps reveal poor differentiation capability between these tissues.

Conclusion. A method for 3D CP OCT data quantification using co- and cross-scattering was developed and applied to OCT data volumes. Obtained values were plotted as color-coded maps of different brain tissues and brain tumor. A more accurate determination of tumor margins is obtained using processed CP OCT images in comparison with unprocessed initial images.

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Kiseleva E.B., Yashin K.S., Moiseev A.A., Snopova L.B., Gelikonov G.V., Medyanik I.A., Kravets L.Ya., Karyakin N.N., Vitkin I.A., Gladkova N.D. Quantitative Cross-Polarization Optical Coherence Tomography Detection of Infiltrative Tumor Margin in a Rat Glioma Model: a Pilot Study. Sovremennye tehnologii v medicine 2018; 10(1): 6, https://doi.org/10.17691/stm2018.10.1.01