Rotational Alignment of Components in Total Knee Arthroplasty (Review)

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most common surgeries aimed at restoring the joint functions and improving the life quality of patients with severe osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and other degenerative dystrophic disorders. The key aspect of a successful procedure is the correct alignment of endoprosthesis components, a rotational position in particular.

The aimof the present review is to analyze the literature data on rotational alignment of endoprosthetic components in TKA to determine the optimal approaches providing improved functional results.

The literature was searched in PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, and eLIBRARY.RU by key words: total knee arthroplasty, rotational alignment, knee endoprosthesis components.

The review considered the main techniques and approaches concerning the rotation position determination of endoprosthetic components in TKA. The frequency of use of both surgical and anatomical transepicondylar lines was found to be equal, the main landmarks being the posterior condylar line and Whiteside line. The analyzed studies suggest the relevance of the rotational alignment of endoprosthetic components and the necessity for further research to develop standard protocols focused on reducing complication risks and TKA efficiency improvement.

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El Qaseer M.H., Zykin A.A., Malyshev E.E. Rotational Alignment of Components in Total Knee Arthroplasty (Review). Sovremennye tehnologii v medicine 2024; 16(6): 78, https://doi.org/10.17691/stm2024.16.6.07