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Иммунотерапия злокачественных новообразований (обзор)

Иммунотерапия злокачественных новообразований (обзор)

Д.В. Южакова, М.В. Ширманова, Т.Ф. Сергеева, Е.В. Загайнова, К.А. Лукьянов
Ключевые слова: злокачественные новообразования; иммунотерапия опухолей; цитокины; вакцины; моноклональные антитела; адаптивная клеточная терапия.
2016, том 8, номер 1, стр. 173.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17691/stm2016.8.1.23

Полный текст статьи

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Представлены современные методы иммунотерапии злокачественных новообразований. Рассмотрены основные виды иммунотерапии: активная и пассивная, специфическая и неспецифическая. Активная неспецифическая иммунотерапия опухолей основана на применении цитокинов, некоторых бактериальных продуктов, синтетических молекул и гормонов, активная специфическая — на использовании вакцин на основе опухолеассоциированных либо вирусных антигенов. Основными подходами пассивной неспецифической иммунотерапии являются адаптивная клеточная терапия, а также применение белков теплового шока и лектинов. Пассивная специфическая иммунотерапия основана на введении в организм моноклональных антител. Особое внимание в обзоре уделяется механизмам противоопухолевого действия иммунотерапевтических агентов: влиянию на клетки иммунной системы, продукции цитокинов, а также блокированию прогрессии опухолей. Освещены результаты некоторых предклинических исследований in vitro и in vivo и клинических испытаний различных препаратов. Показана перспективность применения иммунотерапии при лечении злокачественных опухолей.

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