Лучевая терапия хордом и хондросарком основания черепа: оценка эффективности методов лечения (обзор)

Хордомы и хондросаркомы основания черепа являются редкими новообразованиями. Они располагаются в непосредственной близости к критическим структурам, что представляет собой серьезную проблему при лечении этих опухолей. Несмотря на достижения в области хирургии, радикальная резекция зачастую невозможна. Лучевая терапия при хордомах и хондросаркомах основания черепа может повысить показатели общей выживаемости и локального контроля.

Проанализированы литературные данные и дана оценка эффективности методов лучевой терапии при хордомах и хондросаркомах основания черепа. Показано, что наиболее перспективными методами лучевой терапии при хордомах и хондросаркомах основания черепа являются протонная терапия сканирующим тонким пучком с модуляцией интенсивности и терапия ионами углерода. Данные методики показали высокий локальный контроль и общую выживаемость при низкой частоте тяжелой радиационно-индуцированной токсичности, что подтверждает их клинические преимущества. Установлено также, что при небольших размерах опухоли (менее 7 см³) можно эффективно использовать метод стереотаксической радиохирургии.

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