Метод поверхностной электромиографии: роль и возможности при разработке экзоскелета (обзор)

На основе данных зарубежной и отечественной литературы анализируется роль метода поверхностной электромиографии (пЭМГ) при разработке биоуправляемых экзоскелетов и оценке их эффективности. Дана краткая историческая справка. Рассмотрены особенности регистрации, обработки и анализа сигналов поверхностной электромиограммы в целях биоуправления. Продемонстрировано, что при апробации экзоскелетных устройств пЭМГ становится информативным аналитическим инструментом, помогающим оптимизировать конструкцию экзоскелета в целях снижения метаболической «стоимости» локомоций. Рассмотрены возможности использования сигналов поверхностной миограммы для управления экзоскелетом. Отражена роль миографии в изучении фундаментальных физиологических процессов в условиях адаптации к экзоскелету. Показано, что перспективы развития метода пЭМГ с целью биоуправления связаны с новыми техническими и математическими возможностями регистрации, преобразования и классификации биоэлектрических сигналов мышц и выделения паттернов мышечной активности.

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