Технологии «интерфейс мозг–компьютер» и нейробиоуправление: современное состояние, проблемы и возможности клинического применения (обзор)

Технологии «интерфейс мозг–компьютер» и нейробиоуправление являются уникальными методами модуляции активности мозга на основе оперантного облучения. С момента возникновения в 60-х гг. XX в. эти технологии стали лечебным инструментом для множества психических и неврологических расстройств. Однако до сих пор их эффективность остается предметом споров. В нашем обзоре рассмотрены история возникновения, особенности и современное состояние этих технологий. Основное внимание уделено анализу возможностей и перспектив использования данных технологий в клинической медицине для мобилизации механизмов пластичности нейронных сетей мозга. Представлены результаты собственных исследований в этом направлении. Показано, что будущее технологий «интерфейс мозг–компьютер» и нейробиоуправления зависит от многопрофильного сотрудничества неврологов, нейробиологов, инженеров и математиков. Эффективное объединение различных областей науки позволит разработать новые терапевтические режимы для восстановления и улучшения нервных, познавательных и поведенческих функций.

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Fedotchev А.I., Parin S.B., Polevaya S.A., Velikova S.D. Brain-Computer Interface and Neurofeedback Technologies: Current State, Problems and Clinical Prospects (Review). Sovremennye tehnologii v medicine 2017; 9(1): 175, https://doi.org/10.17691/stm2017.9.1.22