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Биомаркеры в диагностике и прогнозировании рецидивирования гепатоцеллюлярной карциномы (обзор)

Биомаркеры в диагностике и прогнозировании рецидивирования гепатоцеллюлярной карциномы (обзор)

С.И. Малов, И.В. Малов, В.В. Дворниченко, P.N. Marche, T. Decaens, Z. Macek-Jilkova, Н.Д. Ющук
Ключевые слова: гепатоцеллюлярная карцинома; скрининг; биомаркеры; протеомика.
2019, том 11, номер 2, стр. 183.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17691/stm2019.11.2.23

Полный текст статьи

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Гепатоцеллюлярная карцинома занимает второе место среди причин смертности онкологических больных. Прогноз исхода заболевания напрямую зависит от своевременного выявления болезни. В настоящее время в большинстве стран диагностический алгоритм на доклиническом этапе развития опухоли включает определение альфа-фетопротеина в сочетании с инструментальными методами визуализации. Такой подход позволяет на ранней стадии (А по классификации BCLC) выявлять до 65–80% опухолей печени, а на очень ранней стадии (0 по классификации BCLC) — лишь 32–50%, что не может считаться удовлетворительным результатом. В связи с этим поиск эффективных биомаркеров гепатоцеллюлярной карциномы имеет важное значение для мирового здравоохранения.

Достижения в области протеомики и геномики позволили обнаружить целый ряд перспективных маркеров, находящихся на разных этапах клинической апробации. В обзоре рассматриваются молекулы белковой природы, предложенные в разное время в качестве онкомаркеров гепатоцеллюлярной карциномы. Приведены сравнительные показатели их эффективности и специфичности, возможность изолированного или сочетанного использования для оценки риска развития и ранней диагностики первичного рака печени.

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