Генетические факторы риска нетуберкулезных микобактериальных заболеваний легких (систематический обзор)

Данная работа представляет собой систематический обзор литературных источников, описывающих генетические факторы риска развития пульмонологических заболеваний, вызванных нетуберкулезными микобактериями, — нетуберкулезных микобактериозов легких (НТМЛ).

Цель исследования — составление конкретного списка генетических маркеров, связанных с риском развития НТМЛ.

Данный литературный обзор подготовлен по критериям PRISMA, а также зарегистрирован в международном проспективном перечне систематических обзоров PROSPERO (регистрационный номер — CRD42019128569).

В ходе работы изучено множество статей из баз данных PubMed, Google Scholar и ScienceDirect. В результате тщательного отбора и анализа составлен список из 14 генетических вариантов, ассоциированных с повышенным риском развития НТМЛ. К ним относятся варианты в генах SLC11A1, NLRP3, TLR2, CFTR, IFNGR1, PDCD1, а также варианты в межгенных областях, влияющие на экспрессию генов STK17A, IFNL3, TNF, IL10. Продукты данных генов выполняют разнообразные функции в регуляции ответа на патогенные факторы, причем некоторые из них мало изучены. Для более точной оценки влияния этих генетических вариантов на риск развития НТМЛ требуется дальнейшее изучение данной проблемы в группах пациентов различных популяций с учетом комбинаций генетических вариантов и межгенных взаимодействий.

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