Использование синтетического гидроксиапатита, получаемого разными методами: особенности метаболизма и микроархитектуры (обзор)

Проанализированы литературные данные об особенностях микроархитектуры и метаболизма синтетического гидроксиапатита, полученного различными методами. Установлено, что между способом получения гидроксиапатита и его микроархитектурой существует прямая зависимость. В свою очередь микроархитектура гидроксиапатита во многом определяет особенности его метаболизма (ряд процессов, связанных с обменом кальция и фосфора). И поэтому уже в контексте метаболизма синтетического гидроксиапатита с различной микроархитектурой выполнен анализ взаимодействия этого материала с клетками иммунной системы.

Особое внимание уделено особенностям взаимодействия гидроксиапатита с иммунной системой реципиента, обусловленным микроархитектурой этого материала. Оценена возможность участия в метаболизме синтетического гидроксиапатита митохондрий клеток. Выполнено сравнение результатов исследований иммунной реакции реципиента in vivo и in vitro в зависимости от наноразмерной морфологии гидроксиапатита.

Выводы обзора подчеркивают необходимость дальнейших исследований иммунологически обусловленного метаболизма гидроксиапатита, предназначенного для костных имплантатов, в том числе развития методов исследования in vitro для более глубокого понимания свойств этого материала. Показан потенциал синтетического гидроксиапатита для лечения костных дефектов, отмечены значимость исследований in vivo для развития костной хирургии и реконструктивной медицины.

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